Composition containing pitch.



unrrup STATES JOHN BADCLIFFE, OF EAST BARNET, ENGLAND.

COMBOSITIIICi'N CONTAINING PITCH.

N0 Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2.1 91 3.

Application filed February 20. 1912. Serial No. 678,887.

To a 20710121 1'?- mny omzficrn Be. it known that I. Join: RmcLIiu-E, a

subject of the Kin; of Great- Britain and v Ireland, and resident of East liarnet, in the county of lleris, ilnglaml, have invented certain new and useful Conniosltions (ontaining Pitch, of which the following is a E specification.

It has been proposed to prepare compositions containmg pitch or resin mixed with 1 .ground wood or cellulose material.

The present invention aims to manufacture with ordinary pitch c. pitch obtained as distillation residues and hereinafterreterred to as distillation pitch) compositions approximating in physical properties to natural asphalts or bitumcns, such for instance as that. known as 'lrinidad", that is to say which, while. liquefiable by heat. possess flexibility together with a high melting or sofa'ening point and also the property of low contraction when cold and set after being mixed with lnineral lnatter to form a pavin The invention further aims to produce from distillation pitch valuable compositions presenting the above properties in a high degree, which may even be superior to those of natural asphalts or bituinens, and this with the aid of a material which at present is practically awaste product.

The invention further aims to produce valuable compositions applicable for road making, insulating and other purposes.

The invention further aims to produce valuable materials applicable for road making and road repairing. I

According to tlie'invention I incorporate wood, peat, cellulose, or like organic matter in the state of a fine powder with the pitch and in proportions such that the composition is still fusible a high degree of heat. The effect of the organic matter added in this proportion is that while the pitch still remains theprincipal ingredient of the composition, the organic matter is distributed throughout the mass of pitch and practically forms a continuous sponge, the pores of which are filled with the pitch and consequently the melting "point of the pitch is raised and the pitch approximates in its physical properties to propertiesof the far more costly natural asphalt or bitumen. For the purpose of the invention Lmay use wood, peat, cellulose, or the like in fine powder in the proportion of about 5 to 20 l per cent. 'ith wood, peat, or the like, the proportion cannotbe substantially greater than the figure named. I may, however, with advantage employ the impalpable organic dust which is obtained as a residue in grain millingand known as "mill dust and which is practically a waste product. Owing to its extreme fineness'this material, while it is applicable without further grinding. can be used in larger proportions than those just named. A small proportion of an oil such as linseed oil, green oil. anthracene oil, or the like. may be added to the improved compositionsif desired, for imparting greater softness to the product. Powdered wood is a very suitable material for the purpose'of the invention. The addition may be made to the molten pitch, or the Wood or like matter may be ground up wit-lithe hard or non-fused pitch, and the whole be then "fused with or without the oil. The quantity of wood or like matter will vary within the limits mentioned, according to the character of product desired. Any convenient oil may be used, preferably -ol high boiling point and the quantity of oil employed will likewise vary according to the particular product desired.

For the purpose of the invention I may employ cellulosic or woody matters naturally containing oils, for example seeds such as cotton seed, linseed, tung beans, soy beans, and the like. These will be reduced to a fine state. and the residual cake, after crushing to obtain the oils, may be employed, such cake still containing oil. The

ject the large portions and then added to melted pitch or it may be ground up 'ith hard pitch. The mixture is well stirred up in a fused state, with or without drier-s", (such for example as lead oxid,) and may then be oxidized by well known means producing well known effects on the seed oil and increasing and improving the flexibility and high melting point of the ultimate product.

I For the purpose of the invention it is essential that the woody, cellulosic or like material shall be in a fine state of division,

intimate the mixture and permeation of the organic matter by the pitch, the better are the results.

The organic or cellnlosic material may be incorporated with the pitch in various ways.

cake may be broken up and sieved to reintimat-ely mixed with the pitch. The more For convenience in mixing, the organic matter should be thoroughly dried at a 1 temperature not lower than will be reached on fusion.

Linseed or other oil 7 parts by weight The wood is first added, coarsely powdered, to about its own weight of the molten pitch, and after the mass has set it is ground to a fine state and fused with the remainder of the pitch and the oil. Or the wood may first be ground to flour and mixed with a suitable portion (say its own weight) of the pitch, likewise ground, and the mixture then thoroughly mixed. by stirring with the rest of the pitch in the fused state and the oil. Or the wood may be ground in the first place to a powder and added direct to the melted pitch and oil.

Ewample 2. Pitch 90 to 80 parts by weight Ground wood or peat 10 to 20 parts by weight Worked up as in Example 1.

E trample 3.

Example 4.

Pit-ch 90 to 80 parts by weight Oil cake from cotton seed, linseed, tung or soy beans- ,VVith or without linseed or other oil 7 parts by weight 10 to 20 parts-by weight \Vorked up as in Example 1.

A suitable quantity of driers, for instance 0.3 parts by weight of lead oxid may be added if desired, and the mixturebe oxidized in the molten state.

The treatment of pitch as explained so much reduces the viscosity at or toward the meltingpoint that the liquefying point of the composition is considerably higher than that of the pitch used. Also the strength of the material and of its compounds with mineral matter is largely increased. The efi'ect of the added matter on hard pitch is greatlv to reduce its brittleness.

When using mill dust as the organic material I may, for the reasons mentioned empitch, and thus produce compositions of great technical value. With more than say 20 per cent. of wood flour for example,

present, the contact between the wood particles becomes so increased that liquefaction by heating becomes incomplete. Mill dust, being such an impalpably fine substance, a larger proportion does not prevent liquefaction of the compositionby heat, but the quantity of mill dust used must not approximate that of the pitch, and in general will not exceed more than about 30 percent. as mentioned. I

Compositions produced according to the invention may be incorporated with a lar amount of mineral matter to form materifi: suit-able for road making. For example a remarkably efficient road material can be obtained by incor orating about 12 parts by weight of coarsely crushed flint with one part by weight of a melted composition consisting of itch and finely divided organic matter in the proportions above referred to. In this particular case itis desirable that the composition of pitch and organic matter shall be of such softness that it will take an impression of the thumb at about 65 F. Such softness can be obtained by the incororation of a suitable oil (e. g. green oil) in quantity varying with the hardness of the original pitch. Compositions accordin tothe invention can likewise be incorporated with a large amount of finely divided mineral matter, such for example as kieselguhr (for instance an equal weight) for road making purposes. For example, the composition of pitch, asphalt or bitumen and organic matter ma be ground and added to the finely divide .mineral matter to form a composition which'may be applied as a powder for making or mending roads. Any of the compounds roduced according to the invention may e employed for roads and it will be understood that the amount of added mineral matter may vary according to the particular nature of the material required. As anothervexample, pitch, asphalt or bitumen may be ground to a fi'ne state of division and mixed, without fusion,

with finely divided organic matter in the proportion of about 5 to 20 per cent. or with mill dust in the proportion of say 5 to 30 per cent. relatively to the'pitch, and the re sulting mixture may then be mixed with a large proportion (say 12 parts by weight) of finely divided mineral matter. Such mixtures can be applied to roads in powdered state and consolidated by hot irons in a well known manner.

As one example of the technical advantages of the present invention it has been shown that a block 9x3x2 inches composed of 8.85 per cent. ofa composition of pitch and finely divided organic matter, melted and incorporated with 91.15 per cent. of finely divided mineral matter only yielded 1 /1000thof an inch under a loaf of 847 lbs. in 77 seconds when supported on two oints 7 inches apart, while under a load 0 1100 lbs. it yielded only 1/1000th of an inch in 16 seconds.

Another advantage secured by my invention is that cheap insulating or di-electric materials may be made by using carbon-free pitch. \Vhen it is desired to make this material, care must be taken that the melt is not heated to charring point.

The proportion of oil added in the pres ent invention depends upon the hardness of the pitch.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letlers Patent is 1. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch and finely divided organic matter distributed throughout the mass of the pitch, said composition having a higher melting point than the original pitch but being fusible by heat.

52. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch and finely divided organic matter distributed throughout the mass of the pitch, together with a small proportion of a softening 'oil, said composition having a higher melting point than the original pitch, with the same amount of oil, but being fusible by heat.

organic matter distributed throughout its mass in a proportion of about 5 to 30 per cent. of the pitch and organic matter together.

5. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch with mill dust distributed throughout its mass in a proportion of about 5 to 30 per cent.

6. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch with mill dust distributed throughout its mass, together with a small proportion of a softening oil, the mill dust being present in a proportion of about 5 to 30 per cent. of the pitch and mill dust taken together.

7. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch, finely divided organic matter in a proportion of about 5 to 30 per cent. of the pitch and organic matter together, and a large quantity of mineral matter.

8. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch, a small quantity of oil, finely divided organic matter in a proportion of about 5 to 30 per cent. of the pitch and organic matter, and a large quantity of mineral matter.

9. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch together with about 5 to 30 per cent. of mill dust relatively to the pitch and mill dust taken together, and a large quantity of mineral matter.

10. A composition of matter comprising distillation pitch, a small quantity of oil, together with mill dust in a' proportion of about 5 to 30 per cent. of the pitch and mill dusttogether, and a large quantity of mineral matter distributed throughout the mass.

11. A pulverulent composition applicable for road making and mending, comprising ground pitch, finely divided organic material in a proportion of about 5to 30 per cent. relatively to the pitch and organic material together, and a large quantit-y 'of mineral matter.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto GEORGE C. BACON, THOMAS Lame WHITEHEAD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, D. O." 

